Science · 6 pages · 12 min
How distillation separates a liquid mixture
The vapor is richer in the component that boils more easily, and condensing it keeps the split.
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From the opening
Distillation separates a liquid mixture by boiling it and condensing the vapor, which is richer than the pot in whichever component evaporates more readily. One collection of that vapor is a step toward the more volatile liquid, not a filter that caught the other one. The opening covers vapor richer than the pot, why a column repeats the step, and azeotropes that stop the split.
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Inside
- Vapor richer than the pot
- Why a column repeats the step
- Azeotropes that stop the split
- Boiling cooler under vacuum
- Where the idea stops applying
- A distinction worth keeping
Sources
- Vapor-liquid equilibrium in distillation
- Fractional distillation and azeotropes